Oko bomgama i-origins of ingcamango ka-kwendlela umonakalo othe kwi-French umthetho jikelele-wonke wamazwe ngamazwe kwaye assesses njani kwendlela umonakalo othe differ ezivela kwezinye mbasa ka-uncedo olukhawulezileyo lwemaliOko identifies ezimbini conceptions ka-kwendlela umonakalo othe kwaye, usebenzisa ezi conceptions, examines nokuba iimvavanyo isicelo eso kwaye info rich ufikelele yi-mali treaty tribunals unako nokugwetywa. Oko laququmbela njalo ukuba kwendlela umonakalo othe ingaba engathndwayo babe a pervasive kwaye uncontroversial msebenzi yotyalo-mali treaty arbitration ubuhle belizwe. Eli nqaku examines imbambano septemba ndlela emiselwe phantsi Ngenkxaso Loqoqosho Urhwebo Sivumelwano (CETA) phakathi kwe-European Union nasekhanada.
Le ndlela kwi umbuzo uthi xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izinto ezikhoyo arbitral tribunals, ezifana nezo emiselwe phantsi kwe-national BITs EU Ilungu States, kwaye abo yamkelwa yi-United States nasekhanada kwi-bazo imodeli BIT. Iphepha waxoxa watsho u-ukuba ukukhanya innovations ungeniswa yi-CETA, yokugqibela yenza kakhulu ephambili kwaye ngenyameko drafted indlela.
Imicimbi kwi-imbuyekezo yabasebenzi kwendlela umonakalo ingaba enye uninzi controversial kwaye topical kwi-ukunyanzeliswa senzo kuba namhlanje, ingakumbi kwi-siphuhlisa amazwe, ezifana Ekazakhstan. Oku ngenxa yokuba imiba okukhusela oyedwa, lakhe kwendlela amalungelo neemfanelo ingaba efanayo ukubaluleka njengoko umyalelo wokhuselo impahla amalungelo. Kule iphepha, ababhali ihlole i-umzamo ukuba bafunde nzulu imiba ukunyanzeliswa senzo enxulumene inkcazelo indlela yokukhetha imbuyekezo yabasebenzi kwendlela umonakalo, wenza yi-offenses. Inqaku wenza comparative uhlalutyo ezinye iinkalo wepalamente Institute kuhambo lwayo oluvela i-offense (torts) eyimali kuba imbuyekezo yabasebenzi kwendlela umonakalo, ingqwalasela uyalingana ezahlukeneyo inkcazelo igama elithi 'kwendlela umonakalo'. Njengoko ezigunyazisiweyo zengxelo qho wasetyenziswa-mthetho izenzo Russia, Ekazakhstan kwaye Germany Iziphumo substantiate i-necessity ka-reforming-mthetho qho weriphablikhi Ekazakhstan kwi-amanqwanqwa regulation of the imbuyekezo yabasebenzi kwendlela umonakalo. Ezizizo eziyingozi icacisiwe njengoko 'kwendlela kwaye yesitalato kwembandezelo', apho akazange disclose ngokupheleleyo igama kwaye unako kuba itolikwa kwi-iindlela ezahlukileyo.
Ke ngoko, kuyimfuneko okuzisa kwi-mthetho inqanaba ngokupheleleyo ingcamango 'kwendlela umonakalo', ngokunjalo ukuphuhlisa enye indlela kuba ukubala kuyo. Eli nqaku examines kwendlela umonakalo othe kwi-mali treaty arbitration Oko bomgama i-origins of ingcamango ka-kwendlela umonakalo othe kwi-French umthetho jikelele-wonke wamazwe ngamazwe kwaye assesses njani kwendlela umonakalo othe differ ezivela kwezinye mbasa ka-uncedo olukhawulezileyo lwemali.
Oko identifies ezimbini conceptions ka-kwendlela umonakalo othe kwaye, usebenzisa ezi conceptions, examines nokuba iimvavanyo isicelo eso kwaye info rich ufikelele yi-mali treaty tribunals unako nokugwetywa. Oko laququmbela njalo ukuba kwendlela umonakalo othe ingaba engathndwayo babe a pervasive kwaye uncontroversial msebenzi yotyalo-mali treaty arbitration ubuhle belizwe.
Eli nqaku examines lo mba olukhawulezileyo lwemali, imbuyekezo awarded yi-arbitral tribunals kuba kwendlela umonakalo othe intlungu yi-langaphandle abatyali-mali kwimeko investor-Imo arbitration.
Oko examines uhlobo kwaye umsebenzi ezizizo umonakalo othe yamazwe ngamazwe kwi-mali umthetho ngokunjalo eziliqela controversial imiba, kuquka efanelekileyo ifomu reparation ukuba remediate kwendlela umonakalo othe intlungu yi-kwimo, nokuba ubungqina ngolunya locwangciso yi kuyimfuneko imeko kuba isigqeba ukuba kweelwimi imbuyekezo yabasebenzi kunye nokuba imbuyekezo kufuneka kulinganiselwa iimeko involving"egregious"okanye ingcwaba treaty violations. Inqaku waxoxa watsho u-ingakumbi ukuba condemnable governmental iintshukumo kwiintlanganiso langaphandle abatyali-mali iza kuba neziphumo kwi ukuthelekisa quantification of isixa-mali imbuyekezo ibe awarded kuba kwendlela umonakalo othe. I-imbono ayiyi kuphela remediate yenkqu umonakalo intlungu kodwa kanjalo ukuthumela"cima imiyalezo"umququzeleli State.
