Banking - Jonga Uthelekiso of China ke Entsha Faka i-Inshorensi System

Kuqhubeka China ekhutshwe idipozithi leyo i-Inshorensi Imigaqo Ngomatshi, ngaphezu amabini eminyaka emva Isitshayina abasemagunyeni kuqala waqalisa ngokuxoxa imfuneko yokuba idiphozithi inkqubo ye-inshorensi. Kunye ukungeniswa faka i-inshorensi kwi-China, large Asian olungenangxaki kuba yamkelwa faka i-inshorensi iinkquboXa-China ke, faka i-inshorensi izahlulo ezininzi efanayo iinjongo kwaye uyilo imisebenzi yabanye faka i-inshorensi iinkqubo e-Asia, specifics of China ke isicwangciso differ ngeendlela ezininzi imiba. China u-nkqubo usebenza kubo bonke idiphozithi ethabatha amaziko, kuquka ushishino iibhanki, lwasemaphandleni cooperative iibhanki kwaye lwasemaphandleni credit ookopolotyeni, kodwa alibabali langaphandle iibhanki' amasebe kwaye Isitshayina iibhanki' amasebe overseas. Zonke Asia ke idiphozithi insurers kufuna enkulu idiphozithi ethabatha amaziko ibe amalungu. Uninzi Asian olungenangxaki, ngaphandle Japan ne-China, yandisa ubulungu ukuba domestic amasebe langaphandle iibhanki. Korea kwaye Persia kanjalo yandisa zabo coverage ukuba efakwa ebhankini athathwa yi-langaphandle amasebe domestic iibhanki. China uza insure efakwa ebhankini denominated kwi-RMB kwaye langaphandle currencies.

Mali amaziko' i-bank efakwa ebhankini kwaye efakwa ebhankini yi-yabalawuli lwabalawuli kowabo maziko hayi igqunywe.

Idipozithi leyo ingxowa-Mali ye-Inshorensi Umlawuli unakho ngokunjalo ecaleni athile nezinye efakwa ebhankini ukusuka kwinkqubo. Ke unclear ukuba oluhleliweyo efakwa ebhankini ingaba igqunywe. Ezingundoqo imfuneko kwaye igcina idiphozithi iimveliso ziyabandakanywa zonke faka i-inshorensi iinkqubo. Ngaphandle Japan, Singapore, Thailand kwaye Vietnam, bonke faka i-inshorensi-mandla kwi-e-Asia ichaphazela langaphandle okwangoku efakwa ebhankini. Islamic efakwa ebhankini kufumana ezahlukeneyo umyalelo wokhuselo kwi-Gambia kwaye Malaysia.

Kuba Isitshayina depositors, ubukhulu payout isixa-mali ngamnye depositor ngalinye iziko ngu-RMB, (KUTHI dollazi), kuquka igqwetha kwaye inzala, kunye unpaid izixa-mali kwi-eninzi ka-ubukhulu payout ukuba abe thathwa ukususela liquidation ka-impahla afanelekileyo-mali kwiziko lika rhulumente.

Esi sicwangciso ngu uqikelelo ukuba ngokupheleleyo ichaphazela. ezintandathu bonke Isitshayina depositors kodwa kuya kuphela amashumi amane anesithandathu zonke imali kwi idiphozithi. Coverage amanqanaba kummandla differ considerably, ranging ukusuka Rs i, (KUTHI dollazi) kwi-India ukuba Rp ezimbini bhiliyoni (KUTHI dollazi) kwi-Mexico, reflecting zembali kwaye ngokwemeko umehluko. I-India ungeniswa faka i-inshorensi ngowe, yesibini ilizwe ehlabathini ukwenza njalo. Nangona amathuba obukhulu wokunyuka kwamaxabiso, sele ukwanda yayo coverage ulwalamano kuphela ezintlanu phinda-phinda kwaye ukususela ngoku inqanaba waba misela phezu amabini eminyaka eyadlulayo. Ekupheleni osasazo, Gambia inika eziphezulu inqanaba coverage kwaye uchaza ukuba systemic iibhanki iza kuqhubeka kufumana blanket coverage ukuze uphephe a destabilizing shift kwi-efakwa ebhankini ukususela abaninzi abasakhulayo iibhanki kweli lizwe ke imeko kwaye langaphandle iibhanki. Ubukhulu coverage imida kwi-Asian iindlela, China iqukiwe, kubonakala ukuba ngokupheleleyo ukukhusela uninzi zabo ezincinane depositors. I-kwezezimali Bureau Abantu ke Bank of China (PBOC) wenziwe provisionally libeke njengoko Idiphozithi ingxowa-Mali ye-Inshorensi Umphathi ngokuthi Urhulumente Ibhunga sokuqala stages ka-msebenzi. Kubalulekile unclear nokuba Idiphozithi ingxowa-Mali ye-Inshorensi Umphathi uya ekugqibeleni baba elizimeleyo qumrhu. Zonke faka i-inshorensi-mandla kwi-e-Asia ingaba urhulumente legislated kwaye esidlangalaleni yanikezela ngaphandle Hong Kong kwaye Singapore, eziya ngasese yanikezela. Ngaphandle China, Asian iindlela ingaba zonke ngokusemthethweni elizimeleyo organizations, ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kwi-central iibhanki. Phantsi isicwangciso ungeniswa in China, faka i-inshorensi premium umyinge lwenziwa phezulu a ezisisiseko umyinge (cambalala imali emiselweyo) a umngcipheko esekelwe yahlukile umyinge omiselwe ngumthetho imibandela kuquka ulawulo lwezoshishino kwaye umngcipheko imiqathango ye-insured-mali kwiziko lika rhulumente. Ngokunxulumene PBOC, premiums imiselwe ku phakathi kwe, kakhulu ngaphantsi kwe-abo levied kwamanye amazwe.

Kunye enjalo low-inshorensi uviko, abaphononongi silindele ukuba kuya thatha-decade ukuba accumulate isixa-mali kufuneka kugubungela efakwa ebhankini ka-nkqu ezincinane Isitshayina iibhanki.

Ngoko ke, i-arhente iza uninzi kusenokwenzeka ukuba afumane urhulumente inkxaso yemali imisebenzi yayo ngomhla outset. Uninzi amazwe e-Asia kuqhubeka isebenza a cambalala umyinge ukubala faka i-inshorensi premiums nangona eziliqela amazwe ingaba kokuqwalasela uyise ukuba umngcipheko-silungelelaniswa yokutshintsha.

Hong Kong, Singapore kwaye Sasetaiwan isicelo umngcipheko-silungelelaniswa amazinga ngexesha Malaysia isebenzisa we-bt indlela, kuxhomekeke uhlobo lo msebenzi. Premiums vary ukusuka ku ku.

amashumi amane anesibhozo jikelele kummandla, ne-China mandating elona nani liphantsi premiums. Kubalulekile unclear yintoni China ke Idiphozithi ingxowa-Mali ye-Inshorensi Umphathi ke epheleleyo ugunyaziso uza kubakho. Ngaphaya ngokubanzi guidelines, zimbalwa iinkcukacha njengoko ukuba indlela yokusebenza iza umsebenzi enyanisweni zithe bakhululwe. Singapore, Hong Kong kwaye i-India kuba i-narrow"paybox"mandates (jonga Itheyibhile) kwaye rely ngokupheleleyo kwi-bank supervisory abasemagunyeni ukuthatha nika remedial senzo. Thailand kwaye Vietnam kuba"paybox dibanisa"models, enikezela-mandla kunye wongeza ezigunyazisiweyo zengxelo okanye isisombululo amagunya.

Ezinye Asian olungenangxaki kufuneka linike ngakumbi kofakwano ezigunyazisiweyo zengxelo kwaye ubungakanani amagunya abo insurers.

Ukuba enkulu kangakanani, oku ubonisa differing lizwe iimeko. Umzekelo, i-Hong Kong kwaye Singapore opted ukuba thintela zabo idiphozithi insurers ukuba kakhulu narrow mandates ngenxa yabo yesitalato ubungakanani kwaye yabasebenzi miqobo. Ngaxeshanye, Persia ibonelela zayo kuphela kunye ukungaphumeleli isisombululo, liquidations kwaye njalo igunya. Oku izikhondo ukusuka kweli lizwe ke amava kwi ekubeni ukusombulula enkulu inani banking failures. Ngaphakathi elidlulileyo ezimbini decades, bonke enkulu olungenangxaki ka-e-Asia kuba yamkelwa faka i-inshorensi iinkqubo, reflecting inkqubela kwaye maturation ka-mmandla ngu-mali iindlela. Kunye nje ukungeniswa faka i-inshorensi kwi-China, ummandla uwonke kwi a stronger indawo ukuba imozulu-mali ukuphazamiseka kwixesha elizayo.